Appendix B
The Samples of Studies

SUMMARY

Representing 37 independent effect size measures taken at 36 different camps.

Population of Studies

A- B- C- D- E- F- G- H- I- J- K- M- O- P- R- S- U- W

   Ardell, D. B. (1979). High-level wellness at camp. Elementary School Guidance and Counseling, 14 (2), 168-174. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
43                           does not measure construct of self
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________

   Anshel, M. H., Muller, D., & Owens, V. L. (1986). Effect of a sports camp experience on the multidimensional self-concepts of boys. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 63 (2, Pt 1), 363-366. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
36                           included                                                                       _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Baker, L. J. (1983). Impact of the onset of Puberty on self-image and behavior. Dissertation Abstracts International, 44 (2-B), 621. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
14                           descriptive study, no data 
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Bialeschki, M. D., & Henderson, K. A. (1992). Optimal experience among campers in a resident camp setting. In K. A. Henderson (Ed.), Coalition for Education in the Outdoors. Research Symposium Proceedings (Bradford Woods, IN, January 17-19, 1992). RC item: 018 876 (Research Report)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
                               unable to locate, no longer in IU collection
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

   Brandt, G., Maschoff, T., & Chandler, N. S. (1980). A residential camp experience as an approach to adolescent weight management. Adolescence, 17 (60), 807-822. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
54                           unusable data in the form of a favorable and unfavorable
                               reporting scales that could not be reconciled.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

   Bredemeier, B. J., Weiss, M. R., Sheilds, D. L., & Shewchuk, R. M. (1986). Promoting moral growth in a summer sport camp: The implementation of theoretically grounded instructional strategies. Journal of Moral Education, 15 (3), 212-220. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
44                           does not measure construct of self                      _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Camp Joy Evaluation Program. (1998, September). (Available from Camp Joy, P. O. Box 157,
Clarksville, OH 45113.)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
61                           insufficient data to establish an effect size
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ 

   Chenery, M. F. (1979). Psychological and situational variables in the summer camp setting Dissertation Abstracts International, 40 (4-A), 1957-1958. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
17                           insufficient data to establish an effect size
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

   Chenery, M. F. (1981). Effects of summer camp on child development and contributions of counselors to those effects. Journal of Leisure Research, 13 (3), 195-207. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
27                           article from a dissertation in the study
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Chesner, S. P. (1988). Children's cognitions pertaining to developmental issues and adjustment at summer camp. Dissertation Abstracts International, 48 (7-B), 2095-2096. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
16                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Christian education and nurture: The August 1992 Presbyterian panel. Louisville, KY: Research Services, Presbyterian Church (USA). (Private study)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
49                           descriptive, does not measure construct
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Cowin, L. (1989). Programming and self-concept: How does what you do affect how they feel about themselves? Camping Magazine, 61 (7), 46-49. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
                               not included, content analysis                           ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Dickerson, L. T. (1974). The relationship of the Youth Conservation Corps experience to selected dimensions of adolescents self-concept. Dissertation Abstracts International, 34 (12-B, Pt 1), 6096-6097. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
3                              included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Dilley, A. L. (1983). The effect of summer band camp experience on selected aspects of musical competency. Dissertation Abstracts International, 43 (9-A), 2919. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
5                              included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Dorian, A. E., & Chambliss, C. (1994). The effects of camp experience on self esteem. Unpublished manuscript, Ursinus College.

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
53                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Dreikurs, S. G. (1987). Psychological techniques applied in a group situation: An experiment in group work.
Individual Psychology Journal of Adlerian Theory, Research and Practice, 43 (2), 219-236. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
47                           descriptive, does not measure a construct
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Dresner, M., & Gill, M. (1994). Environmental education at summer nature camp. Journal of Environmental Education, 25 (3), 35-41. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
33                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Duke, M., and others (1977). Effects of sports fitness camp experience on locus of control orientation in children,
ages 6-14. Research Quarterly, 48 (2), 280-283. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
50                           not included, measures locus of control        & ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Edwards, C. A. (1990). Leadership, social networks, and personal attributes in school age girls.
Dissertation Abstracts International, 52 (1-A), 113. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
21                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Elicker, J. G. (1991). Individual differences in thinking about self esteem and peers in preadolescence: The influence of attachment history. Dissertation Abstracts International, 52 (10-B), 5556. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
8                             descriptive, does not measure effect
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Englund, M. M. (1997). The contribution of social competence in adolescence (attachment).
Dissertation Abstracts International, 58 (06-B), 3337. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
11                           unrelated to camp environment
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Evans, P. K. (1993). Self-esteem of young children in a camp situation. Dissertation Abstracts International, 53
(12-A), 4197-4198. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
22                          
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Feldman,R. A. (1974). An experimental study of conformity behavior as a small group phenomenon.
Small Group Behavior, 5 (4), 404-426. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
30                           does not measure construct of self                                   
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Feldman, R. A., Wodarski, J. S., & Flax, N. (1975). Antisocial children in a summer camp environment: A time-sampling study. Community Mental Health Journal, 11 (1), 10-18. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
31                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Fichman, L., Koestner, R., & Zuroff, D. G. (1997). Dependency and distress at summer camp.
Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 26 (2), 217-232. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
34                           insufficient data to calculate effect, 1 time measure
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Flynn, T. M., & Beasley, J. (1980). An experimental study of the effects of competition on the self-concept.
Adolescence, 15 (6), 799-806. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
26                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Fry, L. J. (1990). An evaluation of Mississippi State University's summer scholars program (gifted and talented). Dissertation Abstracts International, 52 (2-A), 429. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
23                           included                                                            
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Gans, C. F. (unknown). Spirituality in organized camping. Unpublished manuscript, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
55                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Gerrard, J., & Heins, T. (1981). Evaluating summer camps 1979: Problems of measuring behavior change in children. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 15 (2), 131-137. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
46                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Grayson, R. C. (199?). Self-esteem change and a summer camp experience: Longitudinal Study of self-esteem before and after a summer camp experience. Unpublished master's thesis, Clairemont Graduate University, CA.

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
51                           included                                                           
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Hanna, N. A. (1994). Predictors of peer relationships and adaptation to summer camp (self-esteem, friendship). Dissertation Abstracts International, 55 (12-B), 5582. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
7                             insufficient data, pre-measure only
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Hanna, N. A., & Berndt, T. (1995). Relations between friendship.... Journal of Early Adolescence, 15 (14), 456-475. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
40                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Hazelworth, M. S., Wilson, B. E. (1990). The effects of an outdoor adventure camp experience on self-concept.
Journal of Environmental Education, 21 (4), 33-37. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
32                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Helterbran, B. J. (1989). An importance-performance analysis of a residential summer camp experience (Masters thesis, Pennsylvania State University, 1989). Microform Publications, College of Human Development, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, [2 microfiche]. (Microfilm)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
                               micro-fiche no longer in IU collection and was unable
                               to locate
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Henderson, K. A., & Bialeschki, M. D. (1984). What's new in camping research? Abstracts of the Proceedings of the American Camping Association National Convention, (San Diego, CA, February 27 to March 3, 1984). Martinsville:IN, American Camping Association. (Abstracts)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
                               abstracts only, no data
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Hilborn, L. L. (1993). The effects of a self management asthma education program and a physical activity asthma program on the self-concept levels of 8-12 year old children with asthma. Dissertation Abstracts International, 32(2), (408). (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
6                             included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Hunt, B. (1962). An analysis of the influence of summer camp experiences in developing or changing certain behavior patterns of secondary school pupils. Dissertation Abstracts International, 21 (3), 561. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
19                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Huston, A. C., Carpenter, C. J., Atwater, J. B., & Johnson, L. M. (1986). Gender, adult structuring of activities and social behavior in middle childhood. Child Development, 57 (5), 1200-1209. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
41                           does not measure construct of self                    
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Iada, M., Imura, H., & van der Smissen, B. (1986). The impact of short-term adventure camp on self-concept and anxiety in Japanese early adolescents. Bulletin of the Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 9, 91-101. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
48                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Jordan,D. J. (1996). Effects of friendship on evaluations; Homesickness in boys. Research notes. Camping Magazine, 68 (6), 7-8. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
                               duplicates dissertation already in the study     
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Keller, H. R., et-al (1976). Interrelationships among decentering and behavioral ratings in a therapeutic camp setting. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 129 (1), 113-120. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
37                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Kishton, J. M., & Dixon, A. C. (1995). Self-perception changes among sports camp participants.
Journal of Social Psychology, 135 (2), 135-141. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
38                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Kurtz, G. B. (1988). Personality enhancement and the summer camp experience. Masters Abstracts International, 26 (01), 57. (Thesis)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
13                           insufficient data to establish effect                 
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   McDonough, H., and others (1979). Camping and its relationship to other social institutions in the future.
Journal of the Association for the Study of Perception, 12 (2), 25-29. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
45                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Moorman, M. K. (1997). Factors affecting the personal and social outcomes of camping. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Arkansas. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
59                           insufficient data to establish effect
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Myers, J. L. (1978). The association between leadership components of the resident camp experience and camper development in self-concept, interpersonal affect and environmental attitude. Dissertation Abstracts International, 39
(2-A), 1103-1104. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
18                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Myers, C. S. (1986). The influence of the tent counselor on the creativity of children in a residential camp (leadership). Dissertation Abstracts International, 47 (6-A), 2313. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
10                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Myers, C. S. (1987). Encouraging the dancing eyes of children. Camping Magazine, 59 (7), 34-38. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
29                           article from a dissertation already in the study    
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

       O'Halloran, P. D. (1996). Social skills intervention in a residential summer camp setting for children with learning disabilities. Dissertation Abstracts International, 57 (5-A), 2003. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
12                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

[top of page]
   Parker, J. G., & Seal, J. (1996). Forming, losing, renewing, and replacing friendships: Applying temporal parameters to the assessment of children's friendship experience. Child Development, 67 (5), 2248-2268. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
42                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Portnoy, E. H. (1987). The relationship of psychological type to the sociometric choices of junior high students involved in leadership camp. Dissertation Abstracts International, 47 (7-A), 2461. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
15                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Portnoy, S., Halpern, P. D., & Linblad, M. (1973). A comprehensive cognitively and affectively enriched summer day camp for inner-city children. Proceedings of the 81st Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association, 8, 959-960. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
35                           included                                                           
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Rohrbacher, R. (1973). Influence of a special camp program for obese boys on weight loss, self-concept, and body image. Research Quarterly, 44 (2), 150-157. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
60                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Rosen, E. J. (1974). Tikvah: A special program of integrated summer camping and its effects upon emotionally disturbed adolescents and their normal peers. Dissertation Abstracts International, 35 (1-A), 288-289. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
20                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Rubenstein, R. P. (1975). A comparison of self-esteem, anxiety and use of health services in two social environments. Dissertation Abstracts International, 36 (5-A), 3147-3148. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
4                             included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Rubenstein, R. P. (1977). Changes in self-esteem and anxiety in competitive and noncompetitive camps.
Journal of Social Psychology, 102 (1), 55-57. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
39                           insufficient data to establish effect               
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Santos-Ortez, M. D. (1992). Impact of the VERNA summer camp on the stat-trait anxiety, asthma knowledge and self-concept in a group of Puerto Rican asthmatic children. Dissertation Abstract International, 52 (2-A), 2829. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
24                           included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Sherman, B. S. (1984). An investigation into the role taking and aggression among elementary school age children. Dissertation Abstracts International, 46 (9-A), 2636. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
9                             descriptive, insufficient data to establish effect
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Sheskin, I. M. (1997). The Blue Star impact: Evaluating 50 years of Blue Star's mission. Henderson, NC: Blue Star Camps.

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
56                           does not measure construct of self
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Steel, D. T. (1969). The effects of physical skills and academic self-concepts on general self-concept and academic achievement in a summer camp environment. Dissertation Abstracts International, 30 (6-A), 2388. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
1                             included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Stefl, M. E., Shear, E. S., & Levinson, J. E. (1989). Summer camps for juveniles with rheumatic diseases: Do they make a difference? Arthritis Care and Research, 2 (1), 10-15. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
                               unable to locate
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Stone, J. C. (1986). Kids learn responsibility. Camping Magazine, 59 (1), 20-23. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
57                           descriptive, insufficient data to establish effect  
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
   Unkovic, C. M., Brown, W. R., & Mierswa, C. G. (1978). Counterattack on juvenile delinquency: A configurational approach. Adolescence, 13 (51), 401-410. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
28                           insufficient data, unsuccessful attempt to 
                              locate related article
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   [top of page]
    Warder, D. S. (1973). Self-concepts and activity preference of participants of seven organized summer outdoor recreational camps. Dissertation Abstracts International, 34 (4-B), 1617-1618. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
58                           insufficient data to calculate effect size
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Weatherly, M. G. (1972). The opinions of parents regarding the change in attitudes, concepts, and personal adjustment of their sons through personal counseling at summer camp. Dissertation Abstracts International, 32 (8-A), 4364. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
2                             included
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Wealand, C. W., & Hartley, L. (1994). Camper attitude assessment: An evaluation of outdoor ministries. (Available from Florida Conference United Church of Christ, Dr. C. W. Wealand, 30 Cormorant Circle, Daytona Beach, FL, 32119). (Private study).

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
52                           insufficient data to calculate effect, time period less than 1 week
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

   Weiss, M.B. (1989). An ethnographic case study of children's decision-making process in a resident summer camp. Dissertation Abstracts International, 50 (5-A), 1208-1209. (Dissertation)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
                               ethnography, no data
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

  [top of page]
   Wodarski, J. S. (1977). A comparison of behavioral consistency of anti-social and pro-social children in different contexts. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 8 (30), 275-280. (Journal Article)

Study Number         Status in Meta-Analysis
25                           does not measure construct of self                                 
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
____________________________